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Rainfed areas consist of 70 percent of the cultivated land in India and around 84 percent of the cultivated area in the world. Such areas have been known for their low productivity, but things are looking up with the introduction of improved technology. It is now possible to double farm production in the rainfed areas. If adequate care is bestowed on soil and water conservation, water harvesting adoption of appropriate cropping sequences and particles and training of extension workers and farmers, giving them all institutional support such as inputs, loans and marketing facilities. 
Rainfed areas, where farming is undertaken include arid and semi-arid lands and wetlands. Areas with rainfall up to 500 mm, where livestock can be raised, grasses and fodder trees can be grown and dry land horticulture. Most of the rainfed areas are inhabited by very poor farmers and marginal labourers, who need training in soil and water conservation, harvesting of run-off water etc. 
To making farming remunerative and commercially viable for them, diversification in farming has to be promoted. Farmers need support from the government in the initial stages with, say a loan, on a long-term basis, to create or develop assets. Co-operative societies must be promoted and strengthened for giving the farmers inputs and helping them market their produce. 
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